The promise is to know what a company wants before the company says so. The mechanics are less mysterious: aggregated page visits on publisher networks, topic “surges” scored against a baseline, lookalike models trained on someone else’s customers. Each step is a reasonable statistical operation. Stack them, and what lands on your desk is an average of averages, wearing a percentage.
None of this is fraud. It’s inference, and inference has legitimate uses: sizing a market, prioritising a territory, deciding where to look first. The trouble begins at the exact moment a guess is asserted as a fact, when “this account scored 78 on data infrastructure” becomes the opening line of a message to its chief executive. The model never promised that. The vendor’s dashboard just made it easy to forget.
B2B outbound built on that forgetting has a distinctive smell, and senior people have learned it. They can’t see your data pipeline, but they can see that your first sentence is about something that never happened.